航空发动机

张佳琪1，2 ，白凯丽 1 ，何松泽 1 ，金文瀚 1 ，刘奎3.激光选区熔化18Ni300马氏体时效钢轮廓打印工艺[J].航空发动机,2025,51(2):163-168

激光选区熔化18Ni300马氏体时效钢轮廓打印工艺

Contour Printing Process of Selective Laser Melting 18Ni300 Maraging Steel

DOI：

中文关键词: 激光选区熔化 3D打印外部轮廓线能量密度表面质量航空发动机

英文关键词:selective laser melting 3D printing external contour linear energy density surface quality aeroengine

基金项目:

作者	单位
张佳琪1，2 ，白凯丽 1 ，何松泽 1 ，金文瀚 1 ，刘奎3	1.沈阳航空航天大学航空宇航学院，沈阳 110136； 2.中国航发北京航空材料研究院，北京 100095； 3.中国航空制造技术研究院，北京 100024

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中文摘要:

为了进一步提高金属3D打印零件的侧表面质量，使其更加适应航空发动机的复杂工作环境，采用外部轮廓打印技术系统研究了外部轮廓打印工艺对激光选区熔化（SLM）打印的18Ni300马氏体时效钢试样侧表面质量的影响。结果表明：打印外部轮廓后，打印零件不同侧表面的粗糙度存在一定差异，这主要是进风口方向和外部轮廓扫描方向共同作用的结果；低激光功率和低扫描速度更有助于降低熔道之间的搭接起伏；打印外部轮廓的线能量密度越大，侧表面粗糙度越小，但过大的线能量密度会积累更多热量，使激光反冲压力增大，易导致熔道轨迹扭曲变形，熔道逐层堆积后出现边缘翘曲现象，影响轮廓轨迹与内部实体的结合；外部轮廓扫描次数的增加有助于降低打印零件的侧表面粗糙度。

英文摘要:

To further enhance the side surface quality of metal 3D printed parts, and make them more suitable for the complex work? ing environment of aeroengines, the external contour printing technology was adopted and its effect on the side surface quality of 18Ni300 maraging steel samples fabricated by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) was systematically investigated. The results indicate that after printing the external contour, the roughness of the different side surfaces of the printed parts exhibits certain differences, which are mainly controlled by the combined effect of the air inlet direction and the external contour scanning direction. Moreover, lower laser power and scan? ning speed contribute to reducing the overlap undulations between melt tracks. A higher linear energy density during the printing of the external contour leads to a reduction in side surface roughness. However, excessively high linear energy density accumulates more heat, increasing the laser recoil pressure, which can easily lead to distortion and deformation of the melt tracks. This, in turn, can result in edge warping after the layer-by-layer accumulation of melt tracks, affecting the bonding between the contour trajectory and the internal structure. The side surface roughness of the printed parts gradually decreases with an increase in the number of external contour scanning times.

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